CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

The British colony brought in the ideology of film into Nigeria in the 1900’s, they brought this medium in due to their selfish propaganda they had on the African continent. But this was used by the church in those days to disseminate the good news of Jesus Christ. The British Colonial administration used film making as a medium to communicate idea and concept that cannot be understood by mere word or speech. They used film to encourage and push the Nigerian people to see and accept the phenomenon of Christianity, education and cultural norm and values of the British culture (Nnabuko & Anatsui, 2012; pg 1).

However, the dawn of August 12, 1903, the first wobbling picture was displayed on Nigerian soil at the Glover Memorial Hall in Lagos under the Management of Herbert Macaulay who between those times closed down the cinemas and went to West Africa to continue to run the business (Nnabuko & Anatsui, 2012; pg 1).  After he left the soil on Nigerian Stanley Jones opened up the film showing business in the same location on November 1903.This where the incident the birthed the Nigeria Home Movie industry which is now referred to as nollywood.

Nollywood is an indigenous film tradition and industry that write and make movies that displays the African culture and values based on our geographical settings and location. The idea started in the late 1980s in Nigeria but have spread it tentacles to be a source of wealth-creation mechanism, employment opportunity base and provision of safety for the Nigerian youth. The Nollywood industry was birthed due to the happenings of the first film show in Lagos and it takes and have taken all its routine from the Hollywood and Bollyhood. The idea of Nollywood was introduced from Ayorinde and Okafor which were formally referred to as Babatunde Adeluis (Adamson).The Nollywood of industry has become large to the extent that the stage performances and cine film production has become obsolete (Omoera, Edemode & Aihevba, 2017).

The influential propensity of Nollywood movies has become a bane for investigation for various scholars such as (Ozioruva & Aliu, 2013: Onokoome, 2007). The function of nollyhood movies being informative, educative and inducing cultural norms and values are no more effective, due to the globalization ideology that has overruled the cultural beliefs and value which the movies are expected to pass to the audience. The cultural and moral norms that the movies express have now been taken over with nudity, promiscuity, vulgarism, sex and violence displays which leave the youth most especially on the negative consequence. Vasan (2010, 9-11) depicts that social scholars are now concerned about the negative effect of visuals on the behavioral patterns and attitudes of the young and youths in an economy. The wrong information theme of the nollywood movies have created apprehension about sex and violence information that they youth are been exposed to which are evidenced in unsafe sex, alcohol use and violence. Uwakwe (2010; p 161) depicted that viewers are very likely to emulate models of dressing, acts and posture they see from the media and exhibit such gratification seen from another person. Different studies have continually given the understanding that it has the capacity to influence the behavioral pattern of the audience, when they expose themselves to it consciously or unconsciously.

Nnaji, (2011;pg 275-290) also depicted that heavy television viewing, no doubt, distorts our perception of the world we live in, making it seem more like „an utopian world‟. In other word, it is assumed, as studies have revealed, that heavy viewers of movies with sexual activities will have greater tendency to get involved in sexual activities in the real life situation. Dramatic movies that are full of kidnapping will not only attract viewers but have power to fuel an exaggerated fear of violence in the mind of children and young adults. Movies with violence, aggression and murder have power to frighten viewers and at the same time make them to believe in and, or cultivate the habit of violence, aggression and murder. No doubt, media violence produces violent behaviour among young adults, and sexually arousing movies will encourage promiscuity.

Nollywood movies induce positive and negative effect on the generally moral standard of the youth in any location or society. The emergence of home video and nollywood movies had influenced the cultural value, religious doctrine and economic growth of the youth in the country. The movies produced have also influenced the educational status of the children and overall youth. The nollywood movies has affected the habits and belief system of the youth. Taking about the positive impact of Nollywood movies on the youths. One can depict that Nollywood movies have encouraged and aided to improve the cultural heritage of the youth which was not communicated when the use of film started by the colonial masters (Elegbe & Salako, 2014). Amodu (2011;160), depicts that despite the negative norms Nollywood movies has promoted that Nollywood movies have improved the social reformation status of the society by reminding their audience the various components of being a typical Nigerian citizen. Despite the taboos unleashed on Nollywood movies the movies have aided to improve the awareness of historical facts.

Based on the above justification of Nollyhood movies and its effect on the society this study intends to add to the compendium of knowledge by investigating into the influence of Nollyhood movies on the behavioral patterns of students of Bayero University.

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