CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

There are internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in any people to continually be interested and committed to a job, role, subject, or make the effort to attain a goal. It usually results from the interaction of both conscious and unconscious factors such as the (I) intensity of need or desire, (ii) incentive or reward value of the goal, and (iii) expectations of the individual and of his or her peers. These factors are the reasons one has for behaving a certain way. This is what we refer to as motivation.

Motivation is a theoretical construct used to explain behavior (Wikipedia, 2015). It is the scientific word used to represent the reasons for our actions, desires and needs. It can also be defined as our direction to our behavior or what causes us to want to repeat a behavior or vice visa. A motive is what prompts a person to act in a certain way or at least develop an motivation for specific behavior while the act or process of giving someone a reason or reasons for doing something, or making the person eager to work or influence the person to do something is what is known as motivation ( Webster, 2015)). From the above brief definitions, one can deduct that the two words motivate and motivation are inter-related. One is the act i.e. motivate while the other i.e. motivation is the process. Sometimes we ask ourselves the questions: what makes people do what they do?  Why do some people succeed while other fails? The answer might just be motivation. We know from an early age that motivation prompts us to want to learn and exhibit different types of behavior and stimulates us to accomplish new feats of success thus making us see the importance of motivation. As we grow and mature through the different stages of life, we hopefully learn what motivates us and what does not.

In an organization, the story is not different. Motivation prompts employees to put in their best, which brings out more output and helps the organization, irrespective of their different aims to achieve their goals. It also leads to the attainment of a good, active interpersonal relationship and collective dreams and ambitions. That is why William G. Scott, a managerial expert and industrialist puts motivation simply as “a means of stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goods and goals”.

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