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» Studies were carried out to examine the output, proximate composition, carbon to nitrogen ratio and energy value of poultry litter. Excreta was collected from broiler chicken and caged layers. Excreta collected was subjected to gross chemical analysis and gross energy determination. The results showed the output of broilers to be 154g per bird per day while that of layer was 86.5g.Result obtained ...Continue Reading »
65 pages | 753 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT Four experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of Garlic supplementation in broiler chickens. In the first experiments 0 4 weeks, a total of 270 day old broiler chicks were used for the experiment which had six treatments and three replicates, each replicate was allotted 15 birds in a completely randomized design. Six broiler starter diets were formulated such that (Diet 1) cont...Continue Reading »
65 pages | 1,404 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT A study was conducted to assess the effect of breed, sex and age on growth, haematological, serum biochemical and carcass characteristics of Turkey. The data was generated from 100 Turkeys which comprised 50 Norfolk breed and 50 Mammoth breed. The growth traits included biweekly body weight (BW) and linear body measurements: neck length (NL), body length (BL), thigh length (TL), shank len...Continue Reading »
65 pages | 1,166 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of weaner rabbits fed maize husk based diets with or without enzyme supplementation. In the first experiment, thirty six weaner rabbits were used for the study. Maize husk replaced rice offal at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20% inclusion levels for treatments one to six respectively. Each treatment consisted of six rabbits and each rabbit ...Continue Reading »
65 pages | 949 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted. The first evaluated beef smoked using different plant materials (Acacia raddiana, Eucalyptus camaldutensis, Azadirachta indica and Cocos nucifera) as source of smoke. The effect of the plant materials on the organoleptic, microbial and physicochemical properties of smoked beef was evaluated. In the second study, Suya was produced from various round muscles ...Continue Reading »
65 pages | 934 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT A feeding trial lasting 90 days was conducted using 28 Yankasa weaner rams with an average weight of 14.96 ± 1.10 kg (5 6 months old) to investigate effect of sequence and feeding interval of concentrate supplement (CS) and roughage on performance. The animals were randomly assigned to four treatments (T1: CS fed 1 h prior to feeding grass hay; T2: CS fed 2 h prior to feeding grass...Continue Reading »
65 pages | 998 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND TO THE INFORMATION Monkeypox is an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus. CDC. (2015) Symptoms begin with fever, headache, muscle pains, swollen lymph nodes, and feeling tired.[1] This is then followed by a rash that forms blisters and crusts over.[1] The time from exposure to onset of symptoms is around 10 days.[1] The duration of symptoms is typical...Continue Reading »
60 pages | 902 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT A study was conducted in a Northern Guinea Savannah region to evaluate the growth, reproductive and blood biochemistry parameters of parents and their offspring in Japanese quail. A total of two hundred and twenty Day old chicks (DOC) were used in the base generation and six hundred and thirty DOC were used in the first generation. A digital scale of sensitivity (0.01 g) was used to take ...Continue Reading »
60 pages | 836 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT Data on 102 progeny of New Zealand White (NZ), Chinchilla (CH) and Dutch (DU) breeds of rabbits and their crossbreds obtained from birth to 14 weeks were used for this study. Genotype and feeding regime were the factors of interest. The genotypes were New Zealand White x New Zealand White (NZxNZ), Chinchilla×Chinchilla (CHxCH), Dutch×Dutch (DU×DU), New Zealand White x Ch...Continue Reading »
60 pages | 969 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT Energy and climate are highly associated with the built environment. Built environment is not only comprised of building collections, but also the physical results of various economic, social and environmental processes (Santamouris & Asimakopoulos, 2001). Urban micro climate change effects can be seen when major cities experience the formation of urban heat islands, due to urban expa...Continue Reading »
60 pages | 712 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT Twenty four weaner pigs were used in a study to evaluate the response of weaner and grower pigs to diets containing graded levels of toasted soybean hull (SBH).In experiment 1(growing phase), twenty four male hybrid (large white x landrace) weaner pigs, about 6 weeks old, weighing 5.92 6.85kg were randomly divided into four groups of six pigs each using a completely randomized design (CRD...Continue Reading »
60 pages | 1,101 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of using two different enzyme substrates on the performance of broilers fed peeled cassava root meal (PCRM), in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design experiment. One hundred and eighty nine broiler chicks aged 14 days were assigned to nine experimental diets where PCRM replaced maize at 0, 50 and 75 percent l...Continue Reading »
60 pages | 736 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT Recently, the nutritional status of the populace in most developing countries is predominantly marked by inadequate protein intake both in quantity and quality (Taiwo et al., 2005). Efforts are being directed towards exploring all reasonable options to meet the recommended level at a reduced cost. Poultry production is a good source of animal protein and contributes immensely in boosting ...Continue Reading »
60 pages | 1,102 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE 1.0. INTRODUCTION: Plants have been an important source of medicine for thousands of years. Even today, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that up to 80% of people still rely primarily on traditional remedies such as herbs for their medicines. The medicinal value of these plants is due to the presence of a variety of phytochemicals and their elemental composition. The role o...Continue Reading »
75 pages | 68 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE Great emphasis continue to be placed on research into the use of alternative feedstuff for energy sources for livestock production in Nigeria as one of the major problem of ruminant animal production is forage scarcity especially in the dry season. During the rainy season, forages are relatively available and animals may gain weight easily and remain thrifty. The next six months are al...Continue Reading »
80 pages | 701 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION Animal protein in most of the developing countries is not readily available to the populace due to the high cost of production faced by the livestock industry. This is largely due to the high cost of livestock feed. Feed contribute about 60% of the total cost of production. This is as a result of the unavailability and high cost of the conventional feedstuffs like maiz...Continue Reading »
80 pages | 660 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND INFORMATION Transboundary animal diseases may be defined as those epidemic diseases which are highly contagious or transmissible and have the potential for very rapid spread irrespective of national borders, causing serious socio economic and possible health consequences (FAO, 2004). They constitute only a small minority of the infectious diseases that affect li...Continue Reading »
80 pages | 885 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Eggs (like other agricultural products) are perishable and consequently require proper and effective storage to reduce post harvest losses. Eggs are delicacies relished in both rural and urban areas with chicken eggs being the most popularly produced and consumed (Fasina et al., 2012). Eggs are highly palatable and can be prepared or utilized in a number of ...Continue Reading »
80 pages | 1,260 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Poultry farming involves, domesticating birds such as chickens, turkeys, ducks and geese. They are raised primarily for meat production. Chickens raised for eggs are referred to as laying hens while chicken raised for meat are referred to as broilers. Exotic chickens are raised in specialized caging systems, they are fed with specialized formula...Continue Reading »
75 pages | 1,379 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ON INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Agriculture in Nigeria has remained the largest sector contributing nearly 39% to the gross domestic product for the past two decades and employing nearly 60% of its workforce. Over 80% of the country’s population in the rural areas is directly or indirectly dependent on agriculture for its livelihood (NBC,2005). The Nigeria livestock resources...Continue Reading »
80 pages | 1,824 engagements |