CHAPTER ONE   INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study

Shapes exist in both organic and geometric forms. Lamp (2016), posits that“shape is defined by closed lines”. Specific shapes evoke associations with everyday experience. Squares for example are symbols of reliability, stability, and symmetry. The circle has specific significance for artists since the Neolithic era. In the Roman period, the circle was considered a divine shape and thus most suitable for temples. Basic shapes originate from lines intersecting at different angles.

Beeson (2009), affirms that “Line is a formal element of art that appears in most two- dimensional works of art, lines can be used in many different ways within a work of art.

Understanding how to use line can aid artists in constructing visually effective compositions.”

Artists use organic shapes and geometric shapes in different ways.              Ontavilla(2012),notes that, when attempting to create a piece that looks natural, flowing, soft, or calming, organic shapes are appropriate, also when attempting to create a sense of chaos, anger or rigidity, geometric shapes are used. Geometric shapes are found useful in abstract interpretations of objects normally depicted as organic shapes.

The research explores shapes through free association, otherwise known as automatism in art. Automatism usually refers to accessing of images from the subconscious mind as part of the creative process, as seen in the art of the surrealist movement. Boyle et al (2006), opines that,” in psychology „automatism’ refers to involuntary actions and processes not under the control of the conscious mind.” The research geometrically explores female facial form. Collins (2017), defines the face as” the frontal part of the head from chin to top of forehead, where mouth, eyes, nose and other features are”. Webster.

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