INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background of the study

Wayfinding systems have been the commonly used strategies to guide people’s orientation and navigation within large and complex institutional and multi-level buildings. It is a problem-solving process that operates in space and involves spatial organization and/or information (Passini 2002; Timf, 2005; Bianconi and Andreani, 2011). However, many researchers given the task of improving wayfinding limit the solution to developing attractive signs (Health Facilities Scotland, 2007; Wayfinding, 2005). This results to a large number of such buildings developing over time in a disordered manner, producing complex environments consisting of long and confusing corridor systems with bends, turns and confusing signs (Rooke, 2012), These settings challenge and frustrate users especially in chaotic situations such as stampedes induced by panic during fire, security and other types of emergencies (Hajibabai, Delavar, Malek, and Frank, 2006). Such scenarios have unfortunately, become common place in the many parts of the troubled North East region of Nigeria.

Nigeria is also grappling with multi-dimensional security challenges, the worst of which has been terrorism. The emergence of terrorism in Nigeria marks a threshold in the dramatic reign of public insecurity, which has generated widespread anxiety in the country with the North East geo-political zone being the worst hit by the terrorist insurgency (Okoli and Iortyer, 2014). According to the United Nations High Commission for refugees, the crises has displaced over 1.4 million and traumatized 5.4 million people in the north-east Nigeria (Channels Television, 2015). Such large number of traumatized victims may or already have called for Federal Government intervention, considering the fact that the geo-political zone has been the most prone and most vulnerable to various scales of terrorist attacks in the country (Okoli and Iortyer, 2014).

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