CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   Background of the Study

        It is believed that God created man in his own image to be in control of the environment and make the best out of it as recorded in the bible (Gen 1:26-31). But man in his search for daily bread, quest for knowledge and materials wealth, has turned round to pollute the beautiful environment. From the earliest times man has been striving to control the environment. But as said earlier, man owns the health and life. That is why he found himself from the dragon headed problems he has caused himself in recent times. Sanitation generally refers to the provision of facilities and services for safe disposal of human faeces and urine (Okon, 2016). Eja (2014) also defines sanitation as a system of disposal of solid and liquid wastes in order to maintain public hygiene and thus sanitation is synonymous with public hygiene. Basic sanitation means the lowest-cost technology ensuring hygienic excreta and sullage disposal, and a clean and healthful living environment, both at home and in the neighbourhood of users. In this case, WHO/UNICEF (2006) has classified sanitation facilities into improved and unimproved sanitation facilities. Sanitation facilities include piped-sewer system, septic tank, ventilated-improved (VIP) latrine, pit latrine with slab and composting toilet. However, unimproved sanitation facilities include pit latrine without slab/open pit, bucket hanging toilet/hanging latrine, no facilities or bush or field.

1. 1. This material content is developed to serve as a GUIDE for students to conduct academic research work
2. 2. As a source for additional understanding of the subject.
3. 3. As a source for ideas for your own research work (if properly referenced).
4. 4. For PROPER paraphrasing (see your university definition of plagiarism and acceptable paraphrase)
5. 5. Direct citing (if referenced properly)
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