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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study There are three basic fundamental needs of every man and woman which are food, clothing and shelter. The basic function of building is to provide shelter from harsh climatic conditions (sun and rain, heat and cold), external aggressions (protection from animals and attacks from humans), privacy and storage of possession. Hence, buildings are mea...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 150 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Cash flow is integral to the financial health status of every business organization. Cash in organization usually takes two direction, inflow and outflow. Cash flow is a concept in accounting and finance used to describe the inflow and outflow of cash within an organization. Inflows represent cash receipts while outflows relate to cash expenditu...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 109 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT This study was carried out to examine the effect of different housing and management systems on broiler production in Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. To achieve this objective, two research questions were stated to guide this study. The data was collected from primary sources. The primary data were collected with the help of a well structured questionnaire of two sec...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 475 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYIt is believed that one of the prevailing problems of construction industry in Nigeria is the impact of delays in project delivery. It is very important for both public and private projects to be completed on time and within budgets. Normally, achieving the projects within predetermined time, budget and quality is the basic purpose of construction pr...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 1,474 engagements |
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» Abstract Housing across societies is one of the indices for measuring people‘s standard of living. Poor quality in construction projects is a common phenomenon, and could be seen as lack of conformity or incompliance with contract agreement. This study assessed the influence of multiple contractors on the quality of construction work in Kwankwasiyya city Housing project Kano. In order to ach...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 792 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Tower cranes are used on construction sites as lifting equipment for their combination of height and lifting capacity. Tower crane accidents, however, are likely to be fatal because of the weight of the objects and the heights to which they are lifted (Beavers, Moore, Rinehart and Schriver, 2006). U.S. Labour statistics recorded 632 crane re...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 827 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Construction the industry is one of the most important sectors in the development of any nation, particularly in developing countries such as Nigeria. Takim and Akintoye (2002) noted that in many ways, the pace of the economic growth of any nation can be measured by the development of physical infrastructures, such as buildings, roads and br...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 661 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION In accordance to concrete parking lots which have many similarities to other type of concrete pavement. On the other land hand parking lots differ from other pavements in that, most of the area is intended for storage of vehicles and other goods rather than for movement of vehicle. The design of concrete parking lots should follow generally accepted procedures of concr...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 1,048 engagements |
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» THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY The construction industry is a strategic industry to the Nigeria economy providing infrastructure and shelter for other economic activities to take place. Attar et al. (2012) noted that construction is a key sector of the national economy for countries all round the world, as traditionally it takes a big portion in the nation total employment and its significantc...Continue Reading »
40 pages | 1,016 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Timber as external material in building production simply means using timber on the external part of the building such as timber work covering, timber external walls, and timber external windows, doors and frames. Timber use practices in building production industry is endowed with a variety of tree species in her nature forests and in recent years there has been an increa...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 660 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Various attempts have been made to give a comprehensive definition of maintenance and to explain vividly what it entails, BS3811 (1964), defined maintenance as the combination of any action carried out to retain an item in or restore it to an acceptable condition. The standard and level of maintenance of building in any country like Nigeria is i...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 1,074 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Every construction process requires heavy exchange of data and information between project participants on a daily basis. This makes the construction industry on of the most information intensive industries. Information Technology (IT) has been widely applied across many sectors in order to increase competitiveness and reduce consists and is tod...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 601 engagements |
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» Chapter one Introduction Background of the study Hospitals and health care buildings are regarded as the most complex indoor facilities with numerous end users of indoor spaces and functions. Hospitals are considered as one of the most difficult indoor facilities among public sector buildings to maintain, partly because of their complex engineering services. Since poor maintenance practices could ...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 851 engagements |
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» Chapter one Introduction Background of the study The construction industry is not only an intrinsic part of the economy, but also a significant part because of its contribution to the economy (Aina and Omoniyi, 2014). Globally, the construction sector is recognised as a strategic part of every society, it is one of the largest employers and attracts a large amount of investment (both public and pr...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 460 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION A tile is a manufactured pieces of hard wearing materials such as ceramic, stone, metal used as a finishing floor and walls or other object such as table top used as ornamentals that add beauty to the surface applied either in buildings, offices and so on. Another category is the ceiling tile, made from light weight materials such as wood and mineral wool. Tiles are us...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 468 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY E procurement is the transition from traditional paper based procurement to a more integrated and digital process. This process encompasses various aspects of contract purchasing and awarding in both the private and public sectors. The construction industry is a large and complex industry with a wide range of professionals, trade associations, c...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 501 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1 Background of the StudyThe development of infrastructure is one of the most important activities that can boost the business of various industries, thereby increasing the economy of such state or country. Construction industry is one of such industry and its projects are always unique with risk rising from a number of different sources.Risk in its simplest form mean unce...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 614 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Shash (1993) explains that a construction company can either negotiate with the client or use a competitive tendering process to obtain a contract. Fu and Drew (2002) suggest that competitive tendering is the most common method used for contractor selection. In competitive tendering process, a client selects a numbers of contractors to tender fo...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 658 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT Identification and assessment of factors influencing construction Tender helps in building a more reliable cost models that help Quantity surveyors come up with a more accurate cost estimates. Several researches have been carried out in the UK and other developed countries with results varying on one hand based on the questions asked and on the other hand the nature of the economy. This r...Continue Reading »
60 pages | 529 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY The issue of financing small and medium scale enterprises has been the center piece of discussions between the government and banks. While banks want to lend profitably government think they could sacrifice part of their huge profits without necessarily asking for collateral. In this research work therefore, efforts were made to unravel the problems...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 631 engagements |