CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   Background to the Study

Knowledge, skills and values which is seen by the society as a necessary instrument for nation building is impacted upon the pupils by the teachers in the process of education. In educational community, there are a lot of factors that make the environment fit for effective teaching-learning activities in other to achieved the expected goals.

This factors may include school environment, class size, method of teaching, teacher’s effectiveness and others.

Research have confirm that class size reduction does provide the environment in which teachers can teach effectively. The research on student outcome and teachers behaviour conducted by Nina (2007) shows that, in smaller class size teacher interact with individual students more frequency and use a greater variety of instructional strategies. They can create more opportunities for higher-order co-construction of meaning by students. They also may spent out of classroom work time on more creative planning and less on routine making and they may interact more frequently with other teachers and adult in support of classroom teaching.

Nina (2008) noted that students behaviour tends to support teacher’s belief that they can more competently and effectively in smaller classes. In smaller classes students learn more academically and socially, they are more engaged and less disruptive.

Classroom can be set up in a way that hindered creativity or promote a positive learning environment.

The way in which a teacher organize their class or how they control it, will yield positive or negative consequences for their students.

If a teacher is negative because of his impression on the classroom size, there will be a direct negative impact on the pupil within the classroom. Similarly, if a teacher is positive because of his impression on the classroom size, there will be a direct positive impact on the pupil within the classroom.

Classroom congestion is a problem that affects the academic performance of students and effectiveness of the teachers. It is in this vein that Edge (2005) in his study identify the following problems as its associated with classroom congestion.

(1)    The provision of an opportunity for discussion or for any kind of oral inputs to the written work is difficult.

(2)    The amount of classroom involvement can dissuade even the not enthusiastic teachers, it classes are very large. In affirmation, Smith and Glass (2009) literate that small class size leads to higher pupils achievement, more favourable teachers effects e.g moral, attitude toward pupil.

        Class size is very important factor that must be looked into by government, school administrators and other educational authorities, this is because the factor (class-size) affects bot h the inputs system (teachers) and also the output system (academic performance of pupils) hence this study aimed at investigating class size and teachers’ interest in teaching social studies in Essien Udim L. G. A.

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