CHAPTER ONE

1.0INTRODUCTION

Every organization whether private or public exists with the aims and objectives of ensuring a survival.  In order for an organization to achieve their set of goals and objectives, there is need for trained employees to carry out the activities that should   be done in achieving the desired goals and objectives over changing business environment; organizations find it necessary to change with time or adapting order to survive.    It becomes therefore necessary as Nwokoye (1984) puts it that workers have to be fully equipped to meet the demand of the period.  The process of training and development is a continuous one.  Money spent on training and development of employees is money well invested.  It is an investment in human development.  Employees who have not received adequate training before being assigned to responsibilities lacks.  The necessary confidence and kill with which to carry out the joy.  An employee should be helped to grow into more responsibility systematic training and development. It is only then that he will feel confident to carry out the responsibility of his job.  If employee knows what is expected of him on the job and believes he can do it, his enthusiasm on the job will increase.

The relevance of employee training and development cannot be regarded as a recent innovation. In the early traditional setting, children and wards of the ensuring status quo in Europe and America were sent out to learn one form of trade or the other in order to better the lots of their parents and guardians. It is pertinent to note that during that period many of these young children spent an average of five to ten years acquiring new skills. The most popular trade then was painting and sculpturing.

As the rolled by, painting gave to agrarian technology. People start to learn the trade of designing and constructing, farming and hunting implementing.

This process continued for many until it crepitated industrial revolution in Europe.

It is important to highlight that training and development is needed by every organization as a continuous process.

Training in organization can be used for one or more of the following purpose:

(a)         Improvement of performance –one reason why an employee may have low performance on the may be lack of necessary skill or knowledge. It such a case, training will enable the employee to acquire the necessary skill and this will enable him to improve on his performance.

(b)        Motivation-when an employee is trained he has greater motivation to display the knowledge and skill he had acquire during training.

(c)         Management succession-a well planned and administered training policy and programmed for all sections of an organization has well trained staff to take over from senior staff. The taking over is  because some members of the senior staff do retire, resign, old/or even die during their courses of active services.

(d)        Organization Development-as the activities of an establishment expands it becomes necessary that the organization grows in order to cover the expanding range of activities as an organization grows, need arises for certain specific skills and expertise.

An organization that always embarked on training programme for employees will be able to gradually cope with the future needs of its establishment.

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