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» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY Composite is the combination of a matrix and a reinforcement, which when combined gives properties superior to those of the individual components (Ashori & Nourbakhsh 2009a). Wood plastic composite (WPC) is therefore a combination of wood and plastic with the plastic as the matrix and the wood as the reinforcement. Wood plastic composite, (W...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 15 engagements |
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50 pages | 24 engagements |
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50 pages | 17 engagements |
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50 pages | 18 engagements |
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50 pages | 16 engagements |
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» AbstractLogistics integration and network orientation in the port and maritime industry have redefined the functional role of ports in value chains and have generated new patterns of freight distribution and new approaches to port hierarchy. Existing models on the spatial and functional evolution of ports and port systems only partially fit into the new freight distribution paradigm. This paper ai...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 7 engagements |
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» AbstractThe evolution of maritime logistics as an emerging discipline has resulted, to a large extent, from the increasing and varied demands of shippers and customers and the rapidly changing role of ports in the context of supply and logistics chains. Scholars are becoming increasingly aware of the need to integrate logistics and supply chain management concepts in the maritime transportation ch...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 8 engagements |
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» AbstractOver the last 40 years, there has been an unprecedented growth in trade amongst countries, and the growth in trade shows no sign of slowing down. The increases in trade have put tremendous pressure on the maritime and port industries, and these industries have responded with innovations, investment, and greater productivity. International trade and maritime trade are synonyms, and an under...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 4 engagements |
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» AbstractDrawing upon over four decades of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Review of Maritime Transport, this article considers selected key trends that have shaped the maritime transportation of today. Over the review period, a fundamental shift in the geography of trade has been observed, with developing countries increasingly driving growth in the world economy an...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 5 engagements |
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» INTRODUCTION One of the key factors that play a pivotal role in a region’s economic growth is the presence of a reliable and efficient transportation system, this is mainly due to the fact that a well developed transportation system provides adequate access to the region which in turn is a necessary condition for the efficient operation of manufacturing, retail, labour and housing markets. T...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 20 engagements |
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50 pages | 12 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the study Maritime transport plays an important role of being many nations’ major gateway for international trade and are a good instrument for measuring the economic health of a nation (Ogunsiji & Ogunsiji, 2010, UNCTAD, 2008). The ports have considerable influence on the volume and conditions of trade as well as the capacity for economic developme...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 10 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION The inability of the conventional modes of transport such as Trains,buses, cars, Okada and ferry services to meet transportation demand owing to fleet depletion and high operational cost caused by down turn in economy,resulting in high record of accident from Okada motor cycles has led to unplanned emergence of para transit or non conventional mode of transportation popula...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 19 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the study Nigeria is indeed one of the greatest maritime nations of the world; this is confirmed by both the local maritime operators and foreign maritime operators. Ports are supposed to be security zones and policed as such to prevents crimes mainly theft, smuggling among sabotage attacks, stowaway. In olden days, theft as merely limited to petty pilferage ...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 22 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the study The modem era of maritime transport was ushered in by the advent of the steam engine. Wooden ships and sail gave way to iron ships powered by steam. A long era of growth in maritime transport followed as trade needs were served more efficiently, and transport activities could be better predicted. Trading horizons expanded and the world economy grew....Continue Reading »
50 pages | 17 engagements |
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» ABSTRACT This study was on fuzzy modelling and control of marine diesel engine process. This strategy has been suggested for enhancing the regulator design that could represent an alternative to the standard embedded BOSCH controller, already implemented in the Engine Control Unit (ECU), without any change to the engine instrumentation. The marine system controller project requires the knowledge o...Continue Reading »
50 pages | -1 engagements |
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» CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the StudyCoastal zones are highly dynamic environments where not only interactions between land based, oceanic and atmospheric processes occur over different time scales, but also human related activities come into play inducing additional effects. Rapid increment on industrial, commercial, touristic, urban and recreational activities over the last 50 year...Continue Reading »
50 pages | 4 engagements |