CHAPTER ONE

1.0        INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In every system, there are major component that are paramount for the survival of the system. This is applicable to financial system. The banking institution had contributed significantly to the effectiveness of the entire financial system as they offer an efficient institution mechanism, through which resources can be mobilized and directed from less essential uses to more profitable and productive investment. The performance of these financial institutions has proved to be effective channel between savers and borrowers. These important roles are played by merchant banks, savings banks, the control banks and development banks.

The banking industry have overtime function in vital banks units facilitating the transfer of assets that are well desired from the public (fund lenders) into other financial assets which are more widely preferred by grater part of the public (fund sackers). Thus, banking industry becomes the bedrock of the two functions of Nigeria banking system, which are deposit mobilization and credit extension. Therefore, an adequate financial system requires the attention of the banks management of profits and liquidity, which are two conflicting goals of Nigeria banking system. Profits and liquidity are effective indicator of the corporate health and performance of not only the banking system (Elyelty 2004), but all profit oriented ventures.       

Therefore, these roles involves bringing together of people who have money and those who need money is crucial in this discussion. So also certain critical factors that are required to facilitate liquidity management and a stable, sound, competitive, financial system adequate regulating, and supervisory, framework and macro-economics capacity buildup.

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