CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

The name Nigeria is claimed to have sprung from the Niger River, which is one of Nigeria's main rivers today. Lord Lugard, the colonial governor, established the name. Apart from the connection to the Niger River, no other meaning has been derived from the name Nigeria  (Uwaechu ,2004). During the powerful wind of nationalism that swept the continent in the 1950s, Nigeria joined other African colonies in agitating for freedom and political independence. Nigeria gained independence and self-rule in 1960, and became a republic in 1963. This autonomous Nigeria, which was characterized by numerous ethnic and cultural groupings, was taken over by the military, which deposed the civilian government of the day in a coup d'etat in 1966, and Gen. Aguiyi Ironsi became Nigeria's first military head of state.

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