Chapter One

Introduction

Background to the Study

The idea of peacekeeping was first mooted in international politics in the 1820s by the great powers. The motive was to forestall the resurgence of imperialist ambitions of some statesmen of Europe after the experience with Napoleon Bonaparte of France. With the Treaty of Chaumont in 1814, Austria, England, Prussia and Russia, were brought to a great alliance. The purpose was to use international force to overthrow Napoleon, prevent his dynasty from returning to power in France and to guarantee the territorial settlement proposed by the concert of powers. Consequently, in the 1815 Quadruple Alliance, the four great powers resolved to pursue and maintain the arrangements of Chaumont, Vienna and Paris by armed force for a period of 20 years. This, it was said, was to ensure international peace and control Wiseberg, (1973) The Quadruple Alliance therefore contained a clause that supported the use of an international armed force to restore peace and order in the troubled nations of Europe Opubo, (1986).

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