CHAPTER ONE:

INTRODUCTION

1. Background of study

    Road failure is defined as a discontinuity in road network resulting in cracks, potholes, bulges, and depressions. Road failure can also be defined as a condition that occurs when an asphalt surface no longer holds its original shape as a result of material stress. According to Agbedion (2007), these potholes, bulges, depressions, may hinder smooth ride. Hence, this hindrance or punctuations in smooth ride is generally referred to as road failure.

    From the beginning of civilization, road pavement has functioned to prevent the ground from being deformed by traffic passing over it. Besides, one of the greatest achievement of the ancient Roman engineers was the ability to devise a system of layers that greatly stabilized the road surface to reduce the pressure of wheels across the entire surface thereby making it resistant to rutting and pothole formation.

1. 1. This material content is developed to serve as a GUIDE for students to conduct academic research work
2. 2. As a source for additional understanding of the subject.
3. 3. As a source for ideas for your own research work (if properly referenced).
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5. 5. Direct citing (if referenced properly)
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