CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYFruit have been cultivated for the last 2000 years in Southern China and South-East Asia, one variety the citron and south-east was carried to the middle east sometime between 400 and 600 BC. Arab traders transported different kinds of fruit like orange to eastern Africa and the Middle East sometime between 100 and 700 AD and during the Arab occupation of Spain, Citrus fruits first arrived in southern Europe from there they were carried to the new world by explores where they spread to fluoride and Brazil (By the sixteenth century by 1800 citrus fruits achieved world wide distribution). In the 1890s, the demand for them greatly increased because physicians discovered that drinking the juice of organs or other citrus fruit could prevent survey, A vitamin deficiency disease.The popularity of juice dramatically increased again with the development of the commercial orange juice industry in the late 1920. In its early day, the juice industry primary relied on salvased fruit, which was unstable for regular consumption because it was badly coloured in 1944 scientist found a way to concentrate fruit juice in a vacuum and freeze it with destroying the flavour or vitamin content.In 1985 when reconstituted and NFC juice first out sold the frozen type. Today commercial aseptic packaging allows RTD juice to be marketed without refrigerated storage the current world-wide market for fruit juice is more than and $2.5 billion with the biggest area being the biggest in United States (USA) followed by Canada, Western Europe and Japan.MOTIVATIONThe motivation for doing this project was primarily an interest in undertaking a challenging project in an interesting area of fabrication. The opportunity to learn about a new area of design not covered in lectures was appealing. This area is possibly an area that I might work on at my second degree.1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMFruits are seasonal, they are not available throughout the year. Hence, the need to construct or fabricate a machine that can extract juice in order to enable availability and storage at all time. Establishing good and efficient design of the machine has been matter of concern. As the demand for fruit juice consumption increase from time to time around the globe, the need for designing and constructing a fruit juice extracting machine with high efficiency becomes necessary.1.3 PURPOSE/AIMS/OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDYThe demand for juice production has significantly increased with time so this brought about the need for this project.The objectives of this project are;To reduce the bulkiness of the fruits in terms of sizeTo ease transportation in terms of size maximum quality of juice from the produce or fruit used.Some fruit does not last for a long time after harvesting then there is need to process it into juice fruit to last for a period of time.EXPECTED BENEFITS OF THE PROJECTIncrease technology development and self-reliance of youths in Nigeria. Create self-development, self-worth. Creation of employment for the skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled youths of this country.

1.4 SCOPE OF PROJECTThe scope of this project ranges from:Proper material selection to ensure quality product.Proper measurements, cutting and welding of jointsProper assembling of parts for construction of machinesSelection of juice yielding fruit to ensure optimum / proper running efficiency.Carrying out of machine analysis.

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