CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.2Background of the study

Education is the key to creating a society which is dynamic, productive, offering opportunities and fairness to all.  Education is the best legacy parents can give to their children. The development of nation start from the family. When the family succeeds in teaching and impacting good values in their children, the country becomes a better place to live. It is generally believed that the basis for any true development must commence with the development of human resource. Formal education is the demonstration of such desires to effectively and efficiently build a sound and strong economy.

Education is the process of learning and acquiring skills for the benefit of the individual and the society as a whole. Education could be formal, non -formal or informal.  Formal education is the institutionalized teaching in relation to a curriculum. It is a classroom based knowledge provided by trained teachers in a systematic intentional way. Thus schooling is a concept that defines an institution that provides education. According to the MDG goals of 2020, education is a major trust of the United Nations for all its member countries. Equally, the operations of educational institutions is central to the realisation of the goals and objective of any nation.

In Nigeria, the major activities of educational institutions centre on the building and development of human capacity to serve the development needs of the nation at all levels. Going by the forewords to the National Policy on Education (2013) edition, education is seen as an investment for economic, social and political development; an aggregate tool of empowerment for the poor, and the socially marginalised groups; an effective means of developing full capacities and potentials of human resources, as well as development of competent work force through the acquisition of practical life skills relevant to the world of work as a veritable means of developing sound intelligent learning societies fit and relevant to the 21st century.

From the fore going, it is instructive to note that educational institutions in Nigeria are saddled with enormous responsibilities, but there are factors militating against the achievement of this goal. One of them is truancy as may be influenced by many other factors one of which is the parental socio-economic factor. Numerous factors have been identified in various research studies to be responsible for continuous declining of educational system. Various factors such as classroom size, poor teacher-student ratio, inadequate instructional materials, attitude of teachers towards work and lack of seriousness in the part of the students. Motivation for this study is that some student are extremely good in their work, while some are extremely bad. When such variations in scores are traced it is more often discovered that family background is a major contributory factor. It is therefore important that the level of such contributions and the influence they have on children be examined so that useful suggestions to parents and teachers, educational planners and government could be made.

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