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PROJECT TOPIC: THE ROLE OF DECORATIVE UTILITARIAN METAL ALLOY WARE IN SMITHING PRACTICE

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C H A P T E R O N E 

I N T R O D U C T I O N1 . 1 I N T R O D U C T I O NM e t a l i s a n o p a q u e m a t e r i a l t h a t p o s s e s s e s a p e c u l i a r l u s t e r w h e n p o l i s h e d . M e t a l d e s i g n i s d i v i d e d i n t o t h r e e d i f f e r e n t a r e a s . T h e y a r e J e w e l r y , F o u n d r y p r a c t i c e a n d S m i t h i n g .J e w e l r y i s a s m a l l d e c o r a t i v e i t e m w o r n f o r p e r s o n a l a d o r n m e n t s u c h a s b r o a c h e s , r i n g s , n e c k l a c e s , e a r r i n g s , a n d b r a c e l e t s . J e w e l r y i s r e s t r i c t e d t o d u r a b l e o r n a m e n t s w i t h g e m s t o n e s . A g e m s t o n e o r g e m a l s o k n o w n a s f i n e g e m j e w e l , p r e c i o u s o r s e m i – p r e c i o u s s t o n e i s a p i e c e o f c r y s t a l w h i c h i n c u t a n d p o l i s h e d f o r m i s u s e d t o m a k e j e w e l r y a n d o t h e r p e r s o n a l a d o r n m e n t s . M o s t g e m s t o n e s a r e h a r d , b u t s o m e s o f t m a t e r i a l s a r e u s e d i n j e w e l r y b e c a u s e o f t h e i r l u s t e r t o r o t h e r p h y s i c a l p r o p e r t i e s t h a t h a v e a e s t h e t i c v a l u e .F o u n d r y w o r k s m o s t l y c o m p r i s e s c a s t i n g o r m o l d i n g . I t i s a p r o c e s s b y w h i c h l i q u i d m a t e r i a l i s p o u r e d i n t o a h a l l o w c a v i t y o f t h e d e s i r e d s h a p e a n d i t i s a l l o w e d t o s o l i d i f y . T h e s o l i d i f y i n g i s a l s o k n o w a s c a s t i n g p r o c e s s . A f t e r w h i c h , t h e m a t e r i a l s o l i d i f i e d i s e j e c t e d o r b r o k e n o u t o f t h e m o l d t o c o m p l e t e t h e p r o c e s s .T Y P E S O F C A S T I N GT h e r e a r e t h r e e t y p e s o f c a s t i n g t h a t w o u l d b e d i s c u s s e d i n t h i s p r o j e c t , t h e y a r e :a . S a n d c a s t i n gb . L o s t w a x c a s t i n gc . D i e c a s t i n g .1S A N D C A S T I N GS a n d c a s t i n g i s a l s o k n o w n a s s a n d m o u l d c a s t i n g w h i c h i s m o l t e n c a s t i n g p r o c e s s t h a t i s c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y u s i n g s a n d a s a m o l t e n m a t e r i a l . T h e t e r m c a s t i n g i s a l s o r e f e r s a n o b j e c t p r o d u c e d v i a l i q u i d m a t e r i a l s w h i c h a r e a l w a y s c h e a p a n d s u f f i c i e n t l y r e f r a c t o r y .L O S T W A X C A S T I N GL o s t w a x c a s t i n g i s a t y p e o f c a s t i n g t h a t i n v o l v e s e v a p o r a t i v e t h a t i s s i m i l a r t o i n v e s t m e n t c a s t i n g .D I E C A S T I N GD i e c a s t i n g i s a m a n u f a c t u r i n g p r o c e s s f o r p r o d u c i n g m e t a l p a r t b y f o r c i n g m o l t e n m e t a l u n d e r a h i g h p r e s s u r e i n t o a d i e c a v i t y .M E T A L S M I T H I N GS m i t h i n g i n m e t a l r e f e r s t o a p r o c e s s o f c r e a t i n g o b j e c t f r o m w r o u g h t i r o n o r s t e e l , u n t i l t h e m e t a l b e c o m e s s o f t e n o u g h t o b e s h a p e d w i t h h a n d t o o l s s u c h a s h a m m e r , a n v i l a n d c h i s e l . I t c o u l d b e a c c o m p l i s h e d t h r o u g h t h e u s e o f n a t u r a l g a s , c h a r c o a l , f o r g e d f u e l b y p r o p a n e a n d c o k e o i l . I t i s a F o r g e o f f u r n a c e d e s i g n t o a l l o w c o m p r e s s e d a i r t o s u p e r h e a t t h e i n s i d e m e t a l b y a l l o w i n g f o r e f f i c i e n t m e l t i n g , s o l d e r i n g a n d a m e n d i n g o f m e t a l s t h r o u g h w h i c h t h e m a n i p u l a t i o n o f m e t a l . S m i t h i n g i n c l u d e s f a b r i c a t i o n , f o r m i n g a n d s h a p i n g m e t a l w i t h h a m m e r , m a n d r e l a n d o t h e r t o o l s . I t a l s o i n v o l v e s s a w i n g o r c u t t i n g w i t h m e t a l d a p p i n g s e t a n d s e t f o r g e r .


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