CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY           Public Relations has becomes an important activity of most industries and commercial firm. It is also very vital in branches of government, trade and professional association social welfare organization, labour unions, schools and armed forces. Perhaps nearly everybody have misused the word ‘Public Relations”, many people unqualified by education, experience or ethnics use the phrase ‘Public Relations” to mean whatever they want it to mean. Although, the application of the concept must be tailored to the needs and resources of each organization, Public Relations is essentially an interdisciplinary as well as applied art or social science with the primary objective of public interest in reward or profit maximization. Public Relations is a growing profession that is concerned with improving mutual understanding between an organization and its various publics, both within and outside. It involves the management of problems or issues as it helps management define and emphasize its responsibility to serve public interest. Generally, Public Relations activity is treated as an element of managing communication between the organization and its publics (Grunig and Hunt. 1984). However the motives of conducting Public Relations activities have changed over the years. In the beginning, Public Relations were to protect entrepreneurs and their interests from accusation and Importunity of journalists, and from Public opinions criticism. At that time, the basic function of this field was a defensive one. Publics are a group of similar individuals, an assortment of person having the same interest, problems, circumstances or goals. It is from such person that opinions emanate. Public is however a varied creature, it comes in many forms and sizes. It has a multitude of wants and desires, likes and dislikes and sometimes strong likes and dislikes.

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