CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

Elections have not only become an instrument for the demise of authoritarianism or a transition to democracy but the credibility of  electoral  process has equally  become  the  instrument for determining the integrity and legitimacy of a democratic regime. Credible election is the general acceptance of its conduct as free and fair by citizens and international community. It  means  one  thing  to  conduct  an  election  and  make  a  transition  to  democracy  or  even  conduct regular elections for years  after  transition.  It  also means another thing to have credible election that is generally accepted as free and fair by  citizens  and  international  community.  Acceptability  of  election results  by  stakeholders  would  therefore  increases  the  chances  of  consolidation  of  democracy.

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