CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Pre natal management system is used by the hospital to create, process and record their pre natal information for pregnant woman information. This system is used to  calculate the pregnant woman punctuate to check up and treatment. It is an effective tool in the hand of the hospital management.

The aim of Antenatal care (ANC) is to assist women to remain healthy, finding and correcting adverse conditions when present, and thus aid the health of the unborn  ANC should also provide support and guidance to the woman and her partner or family, to help them in their transition to parenthood.

This implies that both health care and health education are required from health services. This broad definition of ANC is endorsed by national labour laws (4) and by evidence-based clinical guideline. Moreover, it introduces the needed holistic approach (biological care and concern with intellectual, emotional, social and cultural needs of women, babies and families) (2) during pregnancy. Care during pregnancy should enable a woman to make informed decisions, based on her needs, after discussing matters fully with the professionals involved. Any interventions offered in the antenatal period should be of proven effectiveness and be acceptable to the recipients. Both the individual components and the full package of ANC should conform to these criteria.

 The aim of computer based pre natal information is to promote early intervention by the hospital and, when necessary. The approach aims to ensure that rapid and appropriate action is taken to tackle absence problems as soon as they become apparent.

The nine months of prenatal development are usually divided into three stages. These are the germinal period, the embryonic period, and the fetal period.

During the germinal period, which lasts from conception until day 14, the fertilized egg, called a zygote, undergoes rapid cell division and growth. At the same time, its cells begin to differentiate and cluster to assume specialized roles. For example, some cells begin to form the support structures of the placenta, which will provide food and oxygen to the fetus, while others begin to form structures of the developing human. Another significant achievement of the germinal stage is implantation of the cell mass, now called the blastocyst, into the inner wall of the mother’s uterus, where it will remain for the duration of prenatal development. Implantation also triggers hormonal changes in the mother’s body that enables it to nurture the developing human

. The embryonic period lasts from day 14 through the eighth week. During this time, major structures and organ systems begin to form. During the fourth week, for example, the brain begins to develop, a primitive heart starts to beat, and the eyes, ears, and mouth begin to form. By eight weeks after conception, the embryo has most of its basic organ systems, facial features have formed, and even fingers and toes have appeared. See Embryology.

During the fetal period, from the ninth week until birth, major organs grow in size and complexity, the muscular and nervous systems develop, and the sex organs form. By the fourth or fifth month, mothers can begin to feel the fetus moving within them. The fetus startles in response to sudden, loud noises outside the womb, and its hiccupping can be detected. Brain development is dramatic. Nearly all nerve cells that the brain will use throughout life are formed, and brain regions become specialized in function. As birth approaches, the fetus grows significantly in size and adds protective fat stores in preparation for life outside the womb. See Fetus.

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