CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.0 INTRODUCTION

An online or web-based system is a system that runs on the internet platform. Changes in Information Technology (IT) allow schools to utilize databases and applications such as Online Student Information System (OSIS) thus, making the accessing of records centralized. One of the changes that came about is the online based applications. These applications improved the traditional transaction processing systems. Thus, most institutions switch to the online based system because of its effectiveness to acquire, process, store and retrieve information from the Internet. Moreover, the system guarantees easy access to all students’ information. an online student management information system facilitates easy access to needed student information from any location.

An information system (IS) is any combination of information technology and people’s activities that support operations, management and decision making. In a very broad sense, the term information system is frequently used to refer to the interaction between people, processes, data and technology. In this sense, the term is used to refer not only to the information and communication technology (ICT) that an organization uses, but also to the way in which people interact with this technology in support of business processes. (Coy, 2004).

Silver et al. (1995) opined that there are two views on (IS) and IS-centered view that includes software, hardware, data, people, and procedures. A second managerial view includes people, business processes and Information Systems. There are various types of information systems, for example: transaction processing systems, office systems, decision support systems, knowledge management systems, database management systems, and office information systems. Critical to most information systems are information technologies, which are typically designed to enable humans to perform tasks for which the human brain is not well suited, such as: handling large amounts of information, performing complex calculations, and controlling many simultaneous processes.

In an institution for instance, there is need to record information pertaining to members of the institution especially the students so that it will be easy to retrieve needed information instantly without stress. A student information system is a software system that enables the data of students to be recorded such that it will be easy to obtain needed information pertaining to any particular student or group of students. The system can also be viewed as a database system that enables capturing of large amounts of students record to facilitate manipulation by the administrator in charge. For example, every student has a unique registration number which stands as the primary key. In an information system it will be very easy to obtain the record of any student just by querying the database based on the primary key or registration ID of the student.

Management of institutions and organizations are in need of instant information so as to enable them speed up business operations considering the limited resource of time. Implementation of an online student management information system is a step in the right direction to easily manage students information.

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