Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1 Problem Statement

Designing a student attendance management system based on fingerprint recognition and faster one to many identification that manages records for attendance in institutes like NIT Rourkela. 1.2 Motivation and Challenges Every organization whether it be an educational institution or business organization, it has to maintain a proper record of attendance of students or employees for effective functioning of organization. Designing a better attendance management system for students so that records be maintained with ease and accuracy was an important key behind motivating this project. This would improve accuracy of attendance records because it will remove all the hassles of roll calling and will save valuable time of the students as well as teachers. Image processing and fingerprint recognition are very advanced today in terms of technology. It was our responsibility to improve fingerprint identification system. We decreased matching time by partitioning the database to one-tenth and improved matching using key based one to many matching.

14 CHAPTER

1. INTRODUCTION

1.3 Using Biometrics

Biometric Identification Systems are widely used for unique identification of humans mainly for verification and identification. Biometrics is used as a form of identity access management and access control. So use of biometrics in student attendance management system is a secure approach. There are many types of biometric systems like fingerprint recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, iris recognition, palm recognition etc. In this project, we used fingerprint recognition system.

1.4 What is fingerprint?

A fingerprint is the pattern of ridges and valleys on the surface of a fingertip. The endpoints and crossing points of ridges are called minutiae. It is a widely accepted assumption that the minutiae pattern of each finger is unique and does not change during one’s life. Ridge endings are the points where the ridge curve terminates, and bifurcations are where a ridge splits from a single path to two paths at a Y-junction. Figure 1 illustrates an example of a ridge ending and a bifurcation. In this example, the black pixels correspond to the ridges, and the white pixels correspond to the valleys.

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