Chapter 1

 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction

Tourism industry is the biggest and largest industry in the world that is fast growing, tourism right now is a business institution that gives place for events to people when they want to relax or when they are on holiday. However tourism is originally seen as sightseeing and for relaxation, with tourism effect, it basically a way of bringing people together from different part of the word, by mutual interactions, apart from sightseeing and interactions tourism also influences wealth creations and it a means of modifying values and behaviors, with the effects of behavior and values modification it way of enhancing social relationship among the visitors and the locals, this influence gives am impact on societal change, it has been proven by different authors that there is a big empirical evidence that exist between the society and tourism as a whole.

Tourism developments as a multidisciplinary nature influence the culture and other areas of the society (Bhatia, 1993).  Tourism as a whole involve the activity of travel from one destination to another, visiting places, lodging in an hotel because tourism provides accommodation for guest and also tour guides, with all these mentioned above tourism industry has gone above buying and selling of gift items and 

aesthetics.

Tourism industry right now is playing a great role in today’s world economic by contributing greatly to social transformation and the global economic, because of it great impact and influence, tourism has become income and wealth creation for many countries like Dubai, France, America, Hong Kong (Mills, 1983). 

According to statista.de the number of international overnight tourist visit to Dubai from 2010 to 2015 grows from 10.16 million to 12.18 million. Most countries like Dubai focus on tourism because of the fast means of generating income to the economic, the government are very involved as well as the locals to create more fascinating destination so that tourist can come and visit. Tourism industry is now a major competitor to the oil sector.

Since 1950s international tourism has been growing rapidly because of high income, good tourist destination, good transports networks, and great leisure time, the UNWTO (2016) gave an insight on how much international tourist has generate income, according to UNWTO (2016) international tourism receipts grew by 3.16% in year 2015 and also international arrival grew by 4.4% increase, for four straight years, international tourism grew more than other sectors like world merchandise trade, with her fast growth, tourism shares in worlds export rise to 7% increase in 2015 which lead to the total international tourism to $1.4 trillion. Remuneration gathered from international tourism on food, drinks, hotel accommodation, shopping, entertainment and other services generate to $1,232 billion in euro it is € 1.110 billion in 2015, and 3.6% increase in exchange rate fluctuations.

Sustainable tourism also play an important role in tourism industry, because is a type of tourism that fulfill or satisfy the needs of the today or present tourist and host without damaging or jeopardizing the ability of the succeeding generations. By Brundtland (WCED 1987: 43) if an environment is not sustainable, no visitors will like to come to a polluted country. Sustainable development has been proven by different authors that it can be achieved when destinations consider the balance between economic, social and environment of development (Kunz, 2006; Redclift, 2005).

Sustainable tourism and sustainable development have become ambiguous and popular just like ecotourism. Sustainable development as a concept itself helps to recycle waste cause by humans, tourist, host communities and helps in the environment to reduce energy consumption in other to prevent human and natural resources. There are numerous definition by observes and writers who defined it in their own way, and in ways that can be understandable in a simple term, according to some critics, they said some definitions are confusing rather making it clear. John Pezzey (1989)

As Lindberge (1999) and Ashworth (1996) stipulate that, destinations desired should be more knowledgeable and cherished by the tourist is very key, with this, tourism will grow fasts and the significance of socio-cultural, economic and environmental benefits will generates.

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