CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The Horn of Africa has seen some of the longest lasting conflicts in the world dating over five decades (UNPF, 2018). One of the countries in the sub-urban that has sustained such conflict is South Sudan which was born in 2011. Just as the nation is young it also ranks amongst nations with the youngest population in the world with 73.7% of the population below the age of 30 years. Most of these young as the population of the nation, some of those where people were born into war situation and have gone on to be prosecute the war for struggle for of independence against the North Sudan Khartoum in the North. Such situations have meant carrying arms as child soldiers.

Hence it can be considered the most youth population that have gone through war with a very slim short period of peace just after the period of independence in (2011 – 2013). Till date there have been replay of similar scenarios in North Sudan in South-Sudan ranging from inter-ethnic to religious conflicts with the youth who thought they can finally enjoy sustained peace. The escalation of the conflict means that situations have become so difficult for the youth with situations of hardships steaming from unemployment and from without any institutional support either public or private. Most of the youth them have to crawl back into crimes and part of the war crime situation which is easily triggered because of previous engagement from North Sudan. Yet there have been efforts towards the quest for peace by other sets of youth, hence this study to evaluate the efforts of the youths in Southern Sudan at promoting peace movements in the midst of conflict.

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