CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Water saturation in oil reservoirs

Oil reservoirs are the main properties of exploration and production companies. Most of the reservoirs at least consist of two different phases of liquids. These phases are gas-water or oil-water. Some of the reservoirs have all of the three phases of gas, oil and water ( Dandekar, 2009). Sandstone, as the most famous reservoir rock, has many spaces to reserve hydrocarbon. Carbonate rocks are also important kips to reserve considerable quantities of hydrocarbon.

One of the most important tasks in reservoir engineering is determining the characteristics of reservoirs to estimate their performance in future. Without a proper and accurate characterization, Many prominent errors can enter the reservoir performance prediction. These errors can finally lead to loss the noticeable values of hydrocarbons in extracting process.

Reservoir characterization is a process of describing reservoir properties using all the available data to provide reliable reservoir models for accurate reservoir performance prediction (Jong, 2015). This process can be either qualitative or quantitative. In qualitative characterization the quality of rock is evaluated in order to see if it can be a reservoir rock. Quantitative reservoir characterization is the process of numeral statement of some characteristics in reservoir such as permeability, porosity, saturation, pressure and pores size. Suitable data used in this characterization are cores, logs, production and seismic data.

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